The Effects Of Uvb Waves On Dna Bases - 1157 Words

When someone tells you that too much sun is bad for you, they say that because they know that too much sunlight causes cancer. Skin cancer is caused by mutations caused by ultraviolet radiation. This Ultraviolet radiation is detrimental to the human body. Ultraviolet radiation has been established as a genotoxic agent. A genotoxic agent is a chemical agent that damages genetic information within the cell. This causes a mutation and the mutation may lead to cancer ( Bianchi, J. et al. 2013). But what exactly is ultra violet radiation? The sunlight that reaches us is made up of two types of harmful rays: long wave ultraviolet A (UVA) and short wave ultraviolet B (UVB) There’s also a third type of ray, UVC, these are the shortest and strongest, but they are absorbed by the ozone layer and don’t typically reach the Earth ( Bianchi, J. et al. 2013). However, in many experiments UVC is used. What We Already Know on Effects of UVB Waves on DNA Bases. UVB radiation is the most energetic component of solar radiation that hits the earth’s surface. The main photochemical reactions within cellular DNA involve mostly the direct absorption of UVB photons by the DNA bases, mostly pyrimidine constituents, including thymine, cytosine and the minor 5-methylcytosine ( Bianchi, J. et al.). It was also shown recently that purine bases may also be the target of UVB radiation, although to a smaller extent, as the result of the direct absorption of photons within the wavelength range 290–320 nmShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Uv Radiation On Human Body Essay2449 Words   |  10 Pagesand the effects that it brings to the human body. Admittedly, the sunshine the body some benefits, such as boosting the body’s supply of vitamin D and enhancing the mood. However, while people are receiving profits, they are also being influenced by some drawbacks. The long time exposure to sunlight brings people quite harmful effects and even destroy people’s skin. The UV radiation can be classified as UVA, UVB and UVC. UVA rays would lead the cause of wrinkles on people’s skin and UVB rays wouldRead More Skin Cancer in Australia Essay3003 Words   |  13 Pagespublic health issue in Australia. Exposure to ultraviolet radiation emitted by the sun in the UVA and UVB wavelengths is the primary cause. Australia has been a world leader in efforts to protect the ozone layer, the main line of defense against ultraviolet radiation emitted by the sun. Ultraviolet radiation induces the formation of thymine dimers that cause mutation of skin cells if not repaired before DNA replication. Mutations of tumor suppressor genes can lead to uncontrolled cell growth. UltravioletRead MoreOzone Layer Depletion4985 Words   |  20 PagesISSUES AND CONCERNS ABOUT THE OZONE LAYER DEPLETION INTRODUCTION The ozone layer protects the Earth from the ultraviolet rays sent down by the sun.   If the ozone layer is depleted by human action, the effects on the planet could be catastrophic. In recent years, the ozone layer has been the subject of much discussion.   And rightly so, because the ozone layer protects both plant and animal life on the planet. The atmosphere is divided into five layers:   the troposphere, the stratosphere, the mesosphere

What the US Census Tells Us About Architecture

Why Doesnt Vodka Freeze in the Freezer

If you put a bottle of vodka in your freezer, the liquid thickens, but it wont turn solid. This is because of the chemical composition of vodka and a phenomenon known as freezing point depression. The Chemical Composition of Vodka Mendeleev, the chemist who devised the periodic table, standardized the amount of ethyl alcohol-- or  ethanol--in vodka when he was the Director of the Russian Bureau of Standards. Russian vodka is 40 percent ethanol and 60  percent water by volume (80 proof). Vodka from other countries may range from 35 percent to 50  percent ethanol by volume. All of these values are alcoholic enough to significantly affect the temperature at which the liquid freezes. If it was pure water, it would freeze at 0 C or 32 F. If vodka was pure or absolute alcohol, it would freeze at -114 C or -173 F. The freezing point of the mixture is an intermediate value. Ethanol and Freezing Point Depression When you dissolve any liquid in water, you lower the freezing point of the water. This phenomenon is known as freezing point depression. It is possible to freeze vodka, but not in a typical home freezer. The freezing point of 80 proof vodka is -26.95 C or -16.51 F, while the temperature of most home freezers is around -17 C. How To Freeze Vodka One way to get your vodka extra-cold is to place it in a bucket with  salt and ice. The contents will then get colder than ordinary ice, as an example of freezing point depression. The salt brings the temperature down as low as -21 C, which is not cold enough to freeze 80 proof vodka  but will make a vodka-sicle out of a product that is slightly less alcoholic. Salting ice is also used to make ice cream without a freezer. If you really want to freeze your vodka, you can use either dry ice or liquid nitrogen. Surrounding vodka with dry ice drops the temperature down to -78 C or -109 F. If you add chips of dry ice to vodka, the sublimation of carbon dioxide will form bubbles in the liquid, essentially giving you carbonated vodka (which also has a different flavor). Note that,  while its okay to add a small amount of dry ice to form bubbles, actually freezing the vodka would produce something too cold to drink (think instant frostbite). If you pour a bit of liquid nitrogen into vodka, youll get fog as the nitrogen evaporates. This is a cool trick and may produce bits of vodka ice. Liquid nitrogen is extremely cold, all the way down to -196 C or -320 F. While liquid nitrogen may be used by bartenders to produce (literally) cool effects, its critical to use caution. Frozen vodka is colder than a freezer, which basically makes it too cold to ingest!

The Importance of Emotional Intelligence at Homeland Security

Capstone Project My topic concerns a journey of inquiry into how important emotional intelligence is for personal and professional success and how emotional intelligence can be an asset to Homeland Security as a whole. While I currently realize the obvious value in emotional intelligence, Id like to determine how important it is overall: for example, even though the benefits that emotional intelligence can provide interpersonally are clear to me, I dont fully realize if its such a professional asset. For instance, a part of me wonders if hard work and ingenuity are at times more beneficial than emotional intelligence. In this brief report, Ill be researching the benefits of emotional intelligence and the drawbacks that people reap when they dont fully engage in this tool. Background of Emotional Intelligence as it relates to Homeland Security While emotional intelligence has a range of definitions, essentially one can regard it as, Your EQ is the level of your ability to understand other people, what motivates them and how to work cooperatively with them, says Howard Gardner, the influential Harvard theorist. Five major categories of emotional intelligence skills are of value to professional accountants (Bressert, 2012). Emotional intelligence is made up of the following five categories: self-awareness, self-regulation, motivation, empathy and social skills (Bressert, 2012). Experts say Emotional Intelligence is a greater predictor of success thanShow MoreRelatedEmotional Intelligence in Homeland Security927 Words   |  4 PagesEmotional Intelligence in Homeland Security Robert Frost once wrote, â€Å"Something we were withholding made us weak, until we found out that it was ourselves.† In the business world, professionals are told to leave their emotional baggage â€Å"at the door,† and this emotional plug can eventually lead to personal consequences. The very thing that Robert Frost says we withhold is our heart. Our hearts and the workings of our feelings create an important type of intelligence: an emotional intelligence. ItRead MoreEmergency Management And Emergency Preparedness1288 Words   |  6 Pagescommercial passenger planes and flew 2 of them into the World Trade Centre, 1 hit the Pentagon, while the other one crash landed in Pennsylvania. In the wake of these attacks, a trail of death, destruction, and emotional instability was left behind. What followed was the realization of the importance of emergency management and emergency preparedness in the United States. This paper takes an in-depth and detailed look at these attacks, their overall impact in terms of economic and social status, andRead MoreThe Human Resource Planning By Gina Hernez Broome And Richard L. Hughes1335 Words   |  6 Pagesproblems. The introduction identified the problem and emphasized the need and the proliferation of new leadership development methods. The study looked at past methods and research, which identified the need for change and a subsequent move toward an emotional resonance approach. Looking at past methods showed a tendency toward using what most would call a classis leadership style, emphasizing structure and management through principles such as unity of command, chain of command and delegation of authorityRead MoreThe War Of The United States1682 Words   |  7 Pagespumped out left and right from artist to pay their respects to the soldiers, and men and women who lost their lives through the war. The music was made special because no matter what genre of music was produced individuals respected it because of the importance it had for a nation that was hit from the side without any warning. Music during the war has five component parts: music for propaganda, commemoration, healing, home front, and as a weapon of war. The Afghanistan War became the longest war inRead MoreArson, Fire And Explosives1717 Words   |  7 Pagescivilian injuries, and $1.3 billion in direct property damage†. In the addition to arson and fire, explosives, have recently became one of the most tragic and alarming events. Having largely been due to explosives in the form of bombs to inflict emotional and physical harm on others. As justified by the statistics arson, fire and explosives are becoming a growing criminal concern across the world. The use of arson, fire, and explosives for criminal and terrorist attacks has heightened the attentionRead MoreObama Speech2032 Words   |  9 PagesParagraph 1: President Obama begins his speech in a direct, strong manner, emphasizing the importance of the issue at hand; the immediacy of his statement conveys a serious tone.   His use of words such as â€Å"terrorist† and â€Å"murder of thousands of innocent men, women, and children† (loaded language) support the rightness of the President’s actions, as well as appeal to the emotions of his audience (emotional appeal, pathos). Paragraph 2:   President Obama provides background/context for the currentRead MoreU.s. War On Terrorism Essay1821 Words   |  8 Pageshistory, there should have been a very high consideration towards how the money was going to be used in an effort to defeat terrorism before this event occurred. The top priority for the U.S. has always been the protection and security of the people and there is much importance in doing as much possible to secure their protection. Since these terrorist attacks on American soil, the risks and rise of terrorism has grown to a worldwide issue and conflict. Nevertheless, these choices set huge strain onRead MoreThe Message Of Osama Bin Laden1796 Words   |  8 Pagesspeech was one of the most awaited in history. His speech restored a sense of confidence in the American people while appealing to the emotions of the audience. When Obama begins with his speech, he opens with a strong direct manner, focusing on the importance of the issues at hand. The urgency of his statement shows the audience the seriousness of his tone. The president uses words like â€Å"terrorist† and â€Å"murder† to remind the audience of the seriousness of what had occurred. As we venture in to the secondRead MoreLanguage Loss4065 Words   |  17 Pagesdefined by both their geographic location and correspondingly, their language. In Vancouver’s major reservations today, such identities as the Musqueam, Squamish and the Tsleil-Waututh peoples still dwell in a miniscule enclosure of their ancient homelands. Although their lands are being encroached on from all sides, they try to uphold the ways of their ancestors as a more visceral reality, that was once so harmoniously in balance with British Columbia’s ecosystem (Baloy: 520). Because of their ancientRead MoreSelf Control : An Effective Leader3203 Words   |  13 Pagesdemands in order to function in society. Self-control is essential in behavior to achieve goals and to avoid impulses and/or emotions that could prove to be negative (Delisi, Matt, SAGA Publications Ltd. Chapter 10, Retrieved October 25). Leaders with emotional self-control find ways to manage disturbing emotions and impulses, and even to channel them in useful ways. Exceptional leaders stay calm and clear-headed under high stress or during a crisis (Thinking Partners, INC. Leadership mastery map, Exhibit

Symptoms And Treatment Of Bipolar And Related Disorder

Abstract The following research paper will exposed the most common symptoms, diagnostic and therapy, in the treatment for Bipolar and Related Disorder due to Another Medical condition. Bipolar and Related disorder, is characterized by symptoms that occur in distinct episodes with periods of normal mood in between. Most of the time there is no clear pattern of when or how frequently manic or when or how often they alternate with depressive episodes will be produced. Mood swings can occur over a period of hours, days, weeks, months or even years. (American Psychiatric Association, 2013) A series of illness may be factors for this illness to be triggered. Pathological and genetics factors could be involved. Social, family and others related must be taken in count for the diagnostic to take place. We will talk about the perseverance of the illness, and the treatment to follow at the moment of the diagnostic. (Rapee, R , 2012) Introduction Bipolar disorder is a serious disease of the brain. Also called manic-depressive illness. Those who suffer from bipolar disorder experience unusual mood swings. Sometimes feel very happy, animated and more active than usual, this is mania. And sometimes those who suffer from bipolar disorder feel very sad, depressed and are less active, this is depression. Many times when an illness had affected the Nervous System, Endocrine System. And all which might be related, its consequences can affect our physic. Also, the abuse ofShow MoreRelatedBipolar And Related Disorders : Symptoms And Treatment Of Bipolar Disorder1669 Words   |  7 PagesBipolar and related disorders are lifelong perplexing mental illnesses that are difficult to diagnose and treat. Bipolar illness is a chronic shifting of extreme euphoria (mania) and deep sadness or hopelessness (depressive) episodes, complicated by comorbidities and the potential for poor health outcomes. The occurrence of bipolar disorde r (BD) throughout the adult population in the United States is reported to be approximately 5.7 million people each year, with a lifetime prevalence of 3.9 percentRead MoreThe Dsm 5 : Bipolar And Related Disorders1693 Words   |  7 PagesThe DSM-5(2013) section on Bipolar and related disorders includes diagnoses for Bipolar I disorder, Bipolar II disorder, cyclothymic disorder, substance/medication induced bipolar and related disorder, bipolar and related disorder due to another medical condition, other specified bipolar and related disorder and unspecified bipolar and related disorder there is no classification for pediatric or early onset bipolar disorder. Though there is the following statement â€Å"the recognition that many individualsRead MoreMechanisms Addiction Reviews The Strong Relationship Between Bipolar And Substance Use Disorders1280 Words   |  6 Pagesrelationship between bipolar and substance-use disorder Mechanisms and treatment implications Bipolar disorder and substance-use disorders commonly occur in the same individual. In fact, bipolar disorder has a higher prevalence of substance-use disorders than any other psychiatric illness. Individuals with both disorders have a more severe course of bipolar disorder, including earlier onset, more frequent episodes, and more complications, including anxiety- and stress-related disorders, aggressive behaviorRead MoreBipolar Disorder And Mental Disorders1708 Words   |  7 PagesBipolar disorder is an emotional instability checked by great movements in disposition going from a hyper to a depressive state. Bipolar disorder is additionally called bipolar disease or manic depression. Bipolar disorder oppresses 3 to 5% of the populace with inconvenient impact on life possibilities. People with Bipolar Disorder will face life span danger for mood shifts, including fatal consequences. â€Å"It is sixth most common cause of disability in the United States (Altman et al., 2006).† AsRead MoreManic Depression And The Gemini Disorder Essay1490 Words   |  6 PagesGemini disorder† is most commonly known as Bipolar Disorder. This illness is a brain disorder, which causes abrupt and unusual mood shifts. These irritable mood shifts can be related to the individual’s energy, activity levels, or their ability to carry out daily tasks. This disorder goes beyond the ordinary mood swings we all are aware of. Manic depression has three forms that are characterized as periods of acute elevation of elatedness, or irritability. More often than not, the symptoms begin asRead MoreBipolar Disorder And Mental Disorders1364 Words   |  6 PagesIntro Bipolar disorder is an emotional instability checked by great movements in disposition going from a hyper to a depressive state. Bipolar disorder is additionally called bipolar disease or manic depression. Bipolar disorder oppresses 3 to 5% of the populace with inconvenient impact on life possibilities. People with Bipolar Disorder will face life span danger for mood shifts, including fatal consequences. â€Å"It is sixth most common cause of disability in the United States (Altman et al., 2006)Read MoreBipolar Disorder : Symptoms And Symptoms1390 Words   |  6 Pagesresearch of bipolar disorder will not only describe in detail the symptoms and affects of this mood disorder, but it will also include the advantages, disadvantages of the treatment and medications, and the major role that medications take. Bipolar disorder involves periods of elevated or irritable mood (mania), alternating with episodes of depression (Moore and Jefferson, 2004). The â€Å"mood swings† of mania and depression are very sudden and can happen at anytime any place. Bipolar disorder is categorizedRead MoreMental Illness, Schizophrenia, And Eating Disorders1380 Words   |  6 Pagessome form of a mental illness a small amount actually seek or are given treatment. The statistic most often quoted is that one in four adults and one in five children will have a mental health disorder at some point in their lives. (What is Mental Illness? n.d.). The overall stigma that comes along with a mental disorder is still one of the biggest barriers that prevents those from obtaining treatment or retaining their treatment. â€Å"While there are over 200 classified forms of mental illness, the fiveRead MoreClass Presentation Notes : Bipolar Disorder1384 Words   |  6 PagesBipolar Disorder Class Presentation Notes Define illness: Bipolar disorder, also called manic-depressive illness, is a mental disorder characterised by extreme shifts in mood, as well as fluctuations in energy and activity levels. Someone with bipolar will experience episodes of low mood (major depression) and times of high or elevated mood (mania or hypomania). Bipolar episodes are essentially drastic mood changes, and last at least one week. These episodes can affect a person s thoughts, feelingsRead MoreFibromyalgia And Bipolar Disorder : Extent Of Comorbidity And Therapeutic Implications1109 Words   |  5 PagesFibromyalgia and Bipolar Disorder: extent of comorbidity and therapeutic implications ABSTRACT Fibromyalgia (FM) is a syndrome that affects muscles and soft tissues. Symptoms include chronic muscle pain, fatigue, sleep disturbances, and painful trigger points and and psychological symptoms such as depression and anxiety. In particular, there is strong evidence of comorbidity of FM and Bipolar Disorder (BD). Therefore, adequate psychiatric

Death Penalty History Essay Example For Students

Death Penalty History Essay History of the Death PenaltyThe Death Penalty is nothing new to our society. It has been in effect throughout the world for ages. As far back as the Eighteenth Century, B.C., a king of Babylon codified 25 crimes that were punishable by the death penalty. In the Draconian code of Athens, it was the only punishment for all crimes.} This debate is especially strong within the Christian religion, due to the fact that Jesus himself was sentenced to the death penalty. Skipping ahead to more modern times, the death penalty in America was influenced more by Great Britain than any other country. The first record of execution in America is that of Captain George Kendall in Jamestown, Virginia. He was accused of espionage for Spain. A few years later, Virginia governor Sir Thomas Dale enacted the Divine, Moral and Marital Laws that provided for the death penalty in even the most minor offenses. Along with the enactment of capital punishment came the abolitionist movement, which still exists today. One of the major activists was Dr. Benjamin Rush, a signer of the Declaration of Independence and founder of the Pennsylvania Prison Society. Rush challenged the belief that the death penalty was a deterrence to crime. He convinced Benjamin Franklin and Philadelphia Attorney General William Bradford of this view. Bradford later became the US Attorney General and he led PA to become the first state to consider degrees of murder based on culpability. PA repealed the death sentence for all crimes except first degree murder. The abolitionist movement gained momentum in the early nineteenth century. The most major development during this time was Pennsylvanias replacing public executions with closed session executions in its correctional facilities. Michigan became the first state to totally abolish capital punishment. This led to abolition all over the world. During the Civil War the opposition waned, as focus was given to anti-slavery. The next time major consideration was given to the death penalty was the Supreme Court battles of the 1960s. This climaxed with the 1972 case of Furman vs. Georgia where the court declared that 40 death penalty statutes were unconstitutional and void. This commuted 629 death sentences and caused an all together suspension of capital punishment until 1976, when new guidelines were drawn up and declared constitutional. In the 1970s, the National Association of Evangelicals representing 47 denominations, and other Christian groups began supporting the death penalty. They backed up their claims with mostly Old Testament readings. However a shift has been seen. Today the Roman Catholic Church as well as most Protestant denominations are against the death penalty. Pope John Paul II has recently begun a campaign to end the death penalty worldwide. This brings a question to mind. How do Americans feel about the death penalty? In an internet survey (conducted by me) I asked people from all over America how they felt about the death penalty. The major response was that they are against it. Howeverthere is a strong portion who do not know or support it. To hit closer to home, I took another internet survey. I asked Pennsylvanians the same question. Over half of those polled are against capital punishment. About 38% support it. However, surveys from more reliable and thorough sources show that most Pennsylvanians support a moratorium, which is the suspension of the death penalty until its morality can be researched and justified. One final survey that I took dealt directly with IUPs student body. The sampling of our peers are mostly against the death penalty or unsure. There is, however, approximately 1/4 of the group that believe strongly in the death penalty. Now that you know how your peers feel, lets take a class survey.

Language Difficulties for Australia Students-Samples for Students

Question: What is the Problem you have chosen? How big is the problem? What are the main causes of the problem? Answer: Language difficulties is one of the most serious issues facing international students today. For example, students especially from Asia and Africa studying in Australia find it difficult to speak English fluently. This hampers them from taking proactive roles in the classroom or getting involved in the group discussion(Sawir, 2015, p. 567). The major challenge of adapting to the Australian English language comes in whereby international students have to adjust to the Australian accent and methods of delivering speech used in tutorial and lectures(Mark, 2015). Besides, international students experience problems with reading and writing well because of the limited English skills. Again, they experience difficulties in understand grammatical jargon and academic as well as adjusting to Australian classroom environment(Gatwiri, 2015). These are problems by the international students inability to adopt to Australian English accent. The major cause of these problems can be attributable to t he fact that most international students use English as their second language. Apart from most of the international students using English language as their second language they also find it hard to comprehend lecturing speeches especially when they are delivered by the Australian natives. Most of the times international students argue that natives speak fast and use abbreviations and idioms which they cannot understand(Mark, 2015). Thirdly, lack of self-confidence has proved to be another major problem facing the international students. Jackson Bybell (2013, p. 17) noted that majority of the international students lack self-belief which is the major factor of learning a new language. With self-confidence, international students will be able to interact with natives socially and engage in constant communication that will boost their proficiency in the English language. Self-confidence in speaking a new language is applicable where someone is not ashamed even when he or she make a mistake(Koshy Phillimore, 2013, p. 99). References Gatwiri, G., 2015. The Influence of Language Difficulties on the Wellbeing of International Students: An Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis. Inquiries Journal/Student Pulse, 7(5), pp. 1-2. Jackson, M. R. Bybell, D., 2013. International students in the US: Social and psychological adjustment. Journal of International Students, 3(1), pp. 13-30. Koshy, P. Phillimore, J., 2013. Commonwealth infrastructure funding for Australian universities: 2004 to 2011. Australian Universities' Review, 55(2), pp. 88-106. Mark, 2015. Challenges Faced by International Students in Australia. [Online] Available at: https://w3.unisa.edu.au/academicdevelopment/diversity/international.asp [Accessed 5 August 2017]. Sawir, E., 2015. Language difficulties of international students in Australia: The effects of prior learning experience. International Education Journal , 6(5), pp. 567-580.